Close Focus, Macro, and Micro - How Close Is Too Close?

When you take a head and shoulders portraitwhat the subject is.
sometimes you move in close. If you use your zoomThings like bellows and extension tubes will not work
lens and fill the frame with only the face, you haveon the average digital camera today, however filters
gotten closer. When you fill the entire frame with astill will. Even if the lens you have is built in and has no
single eye you have entered the world of close-upthreads on the end, you can still use close up filters to
photography. To go beyond that; to see details withingo further than you have before. One point worth
the reflection of that eye, you have entered the worldmentioning is that filters are sharpest in the center and
of macro photography. What someone considerstend to get softer focus on the edges. If you like a
"close" is in the eye of the beholder. (No pun intended.)narrow depth of field, that is not necessarily a problem,
For years camera manufacturers have confusedbecause it helps to isolate your subject against the
people when they advertise "macro", and in reality theybackground.
deliver "Close focus". In most cases, when you use aHowever if you want to get closer and sharp from
Close Focus lens you can only get within 18 inches ofedge to edge, you are going to need a high end digital
your subject. When you use a close focus on a zoomcamera that you can remove the lens from. This
lens, it may appear that you were closer than 18allows you to specifically use a Macro lens and or add
inches; like a single human eye in your photo. But whatthe devises I mentioned above (bellows or extension
happens when you start to photograph something thattubes.) One advantage that digital cameras have in
most eyes never see; the reflection within an eye forgeneral is the high resolution. If you want an extreme
example? How close is too close?close up, try an extreme blow up. If you have one of
If you photograph a butterfly peering over the edge ofthese new digital wonders that can make prints 64
a flower, that would be an excellent use of a macroinches x 48 inches, surely you can get a nice 8 x10
lens. But let's say you photograph the hair on the sideimage by just enlarging a section of the original.
of a butterfly's leg. Oh yes, it is possible, but theDepending on the equipment you have you can use
question that remains is why would you want to getany combination of these devises to get the results
that close? If you are an entomologist (one whoyou want. Back in the military, I once had a captain that
studies insects) then you are entering the world ofbrought in a 110 negative (less than ¼ the size of
Micro Photography. If you are in medicine or severala 35mm negative) and wanted a really big print. The
other fields there are very legitimate reasons for goingphoto lab printed a really sharp 3.5 x 5 inch print. I used
beyond what the human eye can see.an RB67 (the negative was almost as big as the print)
Artistically however, there is a gray area that manyand copied the print using extension tubes AND
photographers disagree on. If you are photographingclose-up filters. The end result was that this captain
an object so close that you can no longer tell what thewas able to use a 20 x 30 inch print as a training aid
original subject was, you are venturing into the areathat he told everybody he shot from his little 110mm
called Abstract photography. Abstract photographycamera. In case you didn't already know; most 5x7
like abstract art often has no clearly defined subject,inch prints look bad coming from that size of camera.
but leaves more to the viewers' imagination. It is meantThat's why it didn't last very long.
to be experienced from the inside, not examined fromYou can choose your options and accessories and
the outside. At this point the original subject reallydecide just how close it too close for you. But
doesn't matter; what does matter is the lines, curves,remember this; no matter how close you shoot the
textures and colors and how they affect the viewer.elements of design still matter. You still need to have
Personally; and remember I am speaking from abalance. You still need to be aware of leading lines.
graphic arts background, if you are relying on just theThe rule of thirds is something for you to always keep
basic elements of design you should be a painter not ain mind. Being a great photographer is not about the
photographer. There it is, I confess, I am a photographicfancy equipment you have or how close you can
snob. Viewers should be able to see the subject in ashoot. Being a great photographer also means
new way, but I draw the line when they don't knowshooting subjects artistically.