Positive and Negative Space - Understanding the Tip of the Iceberg

Up and down, black and white, big and little are alloutside, it says one kind of story. If, on the otherhand,
obvious examplesof Opposition. But there is one formthe background has rows and rows of books it tells a
of opposition that many peopleoverlook. If I take acompletely differenttype of story. Obviously, if the
black crayon and draw, say a dog, on a white pieceofbook blocked part of another person, such as anarm
paper, what happens? You look at it and say: "Oh,or a leg coming out one side, that would not be
how cute." Butwhat happens if I take that same blacksupportive.
crayon and draw on a black pieceof paper? MoreWhen you think about positive and negative space in
than likely, nothing will happen. You may not evenevery shot, you soon becomemore aware of other
beaware there's anything to look at. Why? The reasonelements you might have easily ignored before. Have
you may not noticeanything is because theyou everseen one of those optical illusions where if
background is more dominant than the simplelineyou look at a certain picture one way it'sa young
drawing in the foreground.woman and if you look at it another it's an old lady?
Many photo books mention the idea that you don'tWhat makes an opticalillusion work? Every person on
want telephone linescoming out the ears of someonethe planet sees things his or her own way, based
you are taking pictures of. While this istrue, that's onlyonthe experiences they have had up to that point in
the tip of the iceberg. By the way, have you evertheir life. Some people only see ayoung girl or an old
wonderedwhat people mean when they use thatlady in the illusion. They may know that the other exist,
phrase? When you look at an iceberg,what you usuallybut theyjust can't see it.
see is just the part that lies above the surface of theTo become the best photographer you can be, you
water.have to open your consciousnessto see multiple
No matter how huge it appears, you are only seeingpossibilities. I once shot a wedding where there were a
10% of the entire iceberg.lot of smallchildren. This made for some great candid
Imagine missing 90% of a movie, or 90% of a book.shots. In one case, the bride bent overwhile in the
Would it still hold your interest?reception line to pick up a little girl. I was ready to take
Imagine if you will that no matter what you arethe shot, exceptfor one small detail. When the bride
shooting, no matter what it is,the subject is only 10% ofbent over, she revealed much more of herselfthan she
the problem. How is that even possible, you ask?had planned. If I only noticed the child, I would have
Well let's think about what type of things can detracttaken a shot that wouldhave embarrassed several
from a really good photo.people, myself included.
The background can detract. Lighting can detract.I encourage you to simplify the background when ever
Shapes can distract. Colorcan distract. Lines canyou can. But don't close yourmind to the possibilities of
detract. Texture can detract. I could go on, but Iimages within images. If in the positive space has a
thinkyou get the general idea. No matter howyoungcouple kissing, and the negative space is a clear
wonderful the subject is, there aremany more factorsblue sky, that's an OK shot. But if thatsame shot has a
that make up a great photograph besides the mainlittle girl covering her eyes in the background (negative
subject.space) now allof the sudden you have a great shot.
I refer to this understanding as positive and negativeWe usually define positive space by what is
space. Positive spaceis the area of the photo youdominateor what is in the sharpest focus, but as you
want your viewer to concentrate on. Negativespace iscan see from that last example . . . there are
everything else. Negative space can actually be atimeswhen the negative space can actually be more
positive thing aslong as it supports what you areinteresting than the positive space. Thereare some
shooting. Let's say for example, you've takena shot ofpeople who will never see past the tip of the iceberg.
a small young lady reading a huge book. If theJust rememberthe main subject often only represents
background has a bigpicture window with a storm10% of the possibilities.